The Republic Day parade on Kolkata’s Red Road this year had a special highlight—an impressive debut of the Indian Army’s robotic dog, ‘Sanjay’. Part of the MULE (Multi Utility Legged Equipment) series, these cutting-edge, all-weather ground robots captured the attention of dignitaries and onlookers alike, marking a significant step forward in India’s defence technology capabilities.

Versatile Capabilities

Developed for multi-terrain and high-stakes operations, ‘Sanjay’ robotic dogs are equipped to handle:

• Explosives Detection and Disposal: Their state-of-the-art sensors and maneuverability enable them to identify, approach, and neutralize hazardous devices.
• Surveillance and Perimeter Security: Integrated cameras and communication systems offer real-time intelligence, making them ideal for reconnaissance missions.
• Chemical, Biological, and Nuclear Warfare Environments: Built with robust materials and specialized systems to operate in contaminated or high-risk areas.
• Challenging Terrain Navigation: The four-legged design lets them climb stairs, traverse steep inclines, and move across uneven surfaces with ease.

With these capabilities, the robotic dogs offer a crucial advantage in diverse operational scenarios, boosting security and efficiency for frontline troops.

A Growing Fleet

The Indian Army has already inducted 100 ‘Sanjay’ robotic dogs across various units, a move aimed at modernizing operational processes and minimizing risks to human personnel. Whether deployed in the high-altitude terrains of the Himalayas or in urban anti-terror operations, these robotic dogs enhance the Army’s rapid response and reconnaissance abilities.

In a meticulously planned operation in Pulwama district, Major Ashish Dahiya of the Indian Army led his team to a significant success against terrorism. His valiant actions, combined with exceptional leadership and courage, have earned him the Shaurya Chakra.

Major Dahiya, who has been instrumental in the neutralization of four hardcore terrorists and the disposal of three Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) since June 2022, once again showcased his bravery during a high-risk mission. Acting on intelligence inputs, he spearheaded a search operation in a village in Pulwama.

During the initial sweep of the area, terrorists attempted to escape by firing indiscriminately and lobbing grenades. Major Dahiya retaliated with precise fire, critically injuring one of the fleeing terrorists. In the ensuing fierce firefight, a grenade blast inflicted splinter injuries on one of Major Dahiya’s comrades. Displaying selfless commitment, he crawled under heavy fire to rescue his injured buddy, moving him to a safer position and preventing further casualties.

Realizing the threat posed to his troops, Major Dahiya then advanced stealthily toward a hiding terrorist. At extremely close range and under intense hostile fire, he demonstrated exceptional composure and neutralized one of the longest-surviving, “A++” category terrorists in South Kashmir. His decisive action not only eliminated the immediate threat but also facilitated the safe evacuation of his injured colleague.

For his dauntless courage, leadership, and unwavering dedication to mission and men, Major Ashish Dahiya has been recommended for the Shaurya Chakra—one of India’s highest peacetime gallantry awards. Military officials have lauded Major Dahiya’s actions, highlighting how his unwavering bravery and exceptional operational skills epitomize the finest traditions of the Indian Army.

13 August 2024: In a late-night counter-terrorism operation on Tuesday, Captain Deepak Singh of the Indian Army displayed extraordinary bravery that ultimately cost him his life. Acting on specific intelligence regarding terrorist movements, two teams under Captain Singh’s command were immediately deployed to a remote area.

According to official sources, Captain Singh demonstrated remarkable tactical acumen by positioning a surveillance team at a strategic vantage point. Around 7:30 p.m., his column detected the movement of terrorists. Without hesitation, they moved in and initiated coordinated fire, injuring at least one terrorist. Despite the onset of nightfall and the difficult terrain—where terrorists took shelter behind large boulders—Captain Singh and his men remained fully alert throughout the night, maintaining a tight cordon around the area.

At first light, Captain Singh reorganized his team to conduct a thorough search. During this sweep, they recovered an M4 Assault Rifle, ammunition, and grenades. However, one injured terrorist, abandoned by his associates, continued to pose a serious threat from behind the rocks. Sensing imminent danger to a fellow soldier under heavy fire, Captain Singh exhibited selflessness and exceptional courage by pushing his comrade to safety. In doing so, he sustained multiple gunshot wounds.

Despite his critical injuries, Captain Singh persisted in advancing toward the terrorist’s position. He managed to inflict grievous injuries on the hostile before succumbing to his own wounds.

In recognition of his unparalleled gallantry and the supreme sacrifice he made, the Indian Army has recommended Captain Deepak Singh for the “Shaurya Chakra (Posthumous).” Military officials have lauded his dedication and valor, stating that his actions were in the highest traditions of the Indian Army.

Captain Deepak Singh’s sacrifice has deeply moved the nation, with tributes pouring in from across the country. He is remembered for his unwavering devotion to duty and for protecting the lives of his fellow soldiers at the cost of his own.

The Indian Army is an embodiment of the nation’s military prowess and unity. Among its ranks, Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) hold a unique position, bridging the gap between the enlisted ranks and the commissioned officers.

The practice of inviting JCOs to the Officers’ Mess on 26 January, India’s Republic Day, is a tradition steeped in respect, recognition, and camaraderie. This article delves into the significance of this custom and its impact on the Indian Army’s ethos.

Also Read: Why Indian Army Officers are Invited to JCO Mess on 15 August?

The Essence of Republic Day

Republic Day, celebrated on January 26th, marks the date on which the Constitution of India came into effect in 1950, turning the nation into a newly formed republic. This day is celebrated with grandeur and patriotism, showcasing India’s cultural diversity and military strength, especially in the grand parade in New Delhi. The participation of the armed forces, including the Indian Army, is a significant aspect of the celebrations.

The Role of JCOs in the Indian Army

Junior Commissioned Officers in the Indian Army are a vital link in its chain of command. They are responsible for maintaining discipline, training, and welfare of the soldiers. JCOs often come from the ranks of Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) and are known for their experience, leadership, and deep understanding of the soldiers’ ethos. They are respected not only by the ranks they lead but also by the commissioned officers they serve alongside.

Significance of the Invitation to Officers’ Mess

1. Recognition of Service: Inviting JCOs to the Officers’ Mess on Republic Day is a gesture of respect and acknowledgment of their invaluable service and contributions. It symbolizes the esteem in which they are held by the commissioned officers.
2. Fostering Unity: This tradition is a testament to the Indian Army’s emphasis on unity and brotherhood. It blurs the lines of hierarchy, fostering a sense of belonging and mutual respect among different ranks.
3. Reflection of Democratic Values: The practice mirrors the democratic values that Republic Day commemorates. It exemplifies equality and inclusivity within the armed forces, aligning with the spirit of the Indian Constitution.
4. Cultural Integration: The event serves as a platform for cultural exchange and integration, enhancing the understanding and camaraderie among officers and JCOs from diverse backgrounds.
5. Motivation and Morale Boosting: For JCOs, the invitation is a matter of pride and honor, boosting their morale. It serves as a motivational tool, encouraging them to continue their service with dedication and pride.
6. History and Tradition: This custom has historical roots, reflecting the long-standing traditions of the Indian Army. It honors the past while looking forward to a future of continued excellence and unity.

The practice of inviting JCOs to the Officers’ Mess on Republic Day is more than a mere formality; it is a powerful symbol of the Indian Army’s ethos of respect, unity, and egalitarianism.

It underscores the importance of JCOs in the army’s hierarchy and reaffirms the democratic principles that the nation celebrates on this auspicious day. This tradition not only strengthens the bonds within the army but also serves as a beacon of inspiration and pride for the entire nation.

In a poignant moment during this year’s Republic Day honours, the Indian Army posthumously awarded its valiant canine soldier, Phantom, a Belgian Malinois attached to the 9 Para Special Forces, the Mention in Despatches for gallantry. Phantom’s extraordinary courage and ultimate sacrifice in Jammu and Kashmir underscored the vital role that Army dogs play in safeguarding the nation.

Early Life and Training

• Birth: Phantom was born on May 25, 2020.
• Commissioning: He joined the Indian Army’s K9 unit in August 2022, after undergoing specialized training in counter-insurgency and anti-terror operations—roles for which the Belgian Malinois breed is particularly renowned.

From the outset, Phantom’s trainers recognized his keen intelligence, agility, and fierce loyalty. He was taught to operate in challenging terrain and high-stress conflict situations, preparing him for the demanding missions that lay ahead.

The Final Operation

• Location: Akhnoor Sector, Jammu and Kashmir
• Circumstances: During an operation targeting terrorists believed to be holed up in the Sunderbani Sector, Phantom was instrumental in closing in on heavily armed insurgents.
• Encounter: As the troops advanced, Phantom fearlessly moved forward, drawing hostile fire away from the soldiers. Tragically, in the exchange that ensued, Phantom was fatally injured by terrorist gunfire.

This selfless act of drawing enemy attention is credited with minimizing potential casualties among the Special Forces team. By sacrificing himself, Phantom enabled the troops to pin down and neutralize the threat, significantly contributing to the success of the operation.

Honours and Legacy

• Recognition by White Knight Corps: The White Knight Corps publicly honoured Phantom’s courage, loyalty, and dedication, emphasizing how his actions saved lives and exemplified the values upheld by the Indian Army.
• Defence PRO Statement: A spokesperson from the Defence Public Relations Office lauded Phantom’s decisive role, noting that his bravery was a key factor in thwarting the terrorists and maintaining operational momentum.

Phantom’s story serves as a powerful reminder of the unwavering commitment and heroism of Indian Army dogs. His Mention in Despatches—one of the gallantry recognitions—reflects not just his own bravery but also acknowledges the significance of canine warriors in modern military operations.

Role of Army Dogs in Modern Warfare

1. Counter-Insurgency and Anti-Terror Missions
   Trained to navigate dangerous environments, Army dogs like Phantom are deployed in some of the most high-risk operations. Their acute sense of smell, agility, and unwavering focus make them invaluable in detecting threats and supporting close-combat situations.
2. Intelligence Gathering
   Equipped with specialized gear, Army dogs can be sent ahead of troops to gather critical information about enemy positions. Their ability to move quietly in rugged terrain provides an edge in intelligence and reconnaissance missions.
3. Search and Rescue
   Beyond combat roles, military K9s also participate in humanitarian tasks, such as locating victims in disaster-stricken areas or searching for missing personnel.

A Hero Remembered

Phantom’s sacrifice stands as a testament to the courage and dedication found among the Indian Army’s K9 units. By posthumously awarding him the Mention in Despatches, the nation honours not just Phantom but every military canine whose silent, steadfast service has kept countless soldiers out of harm’s way.

Though Phantom’s service was cut short, his legacy will continue to inspire handlers, trainers, and soldiers across the armed forces. His heroic final act underscores the profound bond between service animals and their human counterparts—a bond built on mutual trust, unwavering loyalty, and a shared resolve to protect the nation at all costs.

In a proud moment for the Armed Forces, President Smt. Droupadi Murmu has approved 58 Mentioned-in-Despatches for service personnel of the Indian Army and Indian Air Force on the eve of the 76th Republic Day. These accolades, which include four posthumous awards, recognize distinguished and meritorious acts of service during various operations undertaken by the Armed Forces.

The breakdown of the 58 Mentioned-in-Despatches is as follows:

• 55 awards to the Indian Army
  • 14 for Operation Rakshak (4 posthumous)
  • 8 for Operation Snow Leopard
  • 6 for Operation Hifazat
  • 2 for Operation Sahayata
  • 1 for Operation Rhino
  • 1 for Operation Meghdoot
  • 2 for Operation Gurihaajan
  • 1 for Operation Mulkhyama
  • 1 for Operation Reconnaissance
  • 1 for Operation Zokhawthar
  • 1 for Operation Falcon
  • 4 for Operation CAS Evacuation
  • 1 for IS Duty
  • 12 for Miscellaneous Operations
• 3 awards to the Indian Air Force for Operation Sankalp

The Mentioned-in-Despatches distinction is conferred upon personnel whose service exhibits a high degree of dedication and valor. The President’s formal approval of these recognitions serves to honor their commitment and bravery, often performed under challenging and hostile circumstances. Below is the detailed list of recipients, categorized by the specific operations in which they served:

Indian Army

Operation Rakshak

1. IC-77240X Maj Veer Vikram Kaswan, 13 SIKH LI
2. JC-433383L Sub Parshotam Kumr, 31 PUNJAB
3. 15343306F Hav Praveen Kumar Singh, 61 ENGR REGT
4. 13627975H Hav Lankesh, 9 PARA (SF)
5. 40910029 Hav Keshav Singh, 9 PARA (SF)
6. 15585106W L/Hav Ranjit Nalawade, 120 ENGR REGT
7. 15584406L Nk Aher Ramdas Ganghdhar, 120 ENGR REGT
8. 16117671X Nk Sujith S, 13 ENGR REGT
9. 23001956A Nk Dokkari Rajesh, AAD, 10 RR (Posthumous)
10. 3021407M Sep Ajay Kumar Singh, RAJPUT, 10 RR (Posthumous)
11. 3021506P Sep Bijendra, RAJPUT, 10 RR (Posthumous)
12. 16128540M Spr Purshotham Yadav, ENGRS, 1 RR
13. 5254911H Rfn Nishal Hingmang, 3 GR, 32 RR
14. 81B1 Army Dog Phantom, RVC, 9 PARA (SF) (Posthumous)

Operation Snow Leopard

1. SS-49175M Maj Mahale Ankur Vinayak, 671 ARMY AVN SQN (R&O)
2. JC-414417Y Sub Puspendra Singh, 12 PARA (SF)
3. JC-533019F Sub Binod Singh, 4 GARH RIF
4. JC-414983Y Nb Sub Dheeraj Mani Saklani, 12 PARA (SF)
5. JC-636149K Nb Sub Tshering Thendup Bhutia, 11 GR, 1 SIKKIM SCOUTS
6. 13629724X Nk Altaf Hussain, PARA, 31 RR
7. 13630564P Nk Jagde Kumar, 12 PARA (SF)
8. 9427874Y Nk Milan Limboo, 12 PARA (SF)

Operation Hifazat

1. IC-80396A Maj Ritesh Sen, ARTY, 40 ASSAM RIF
2. IC-80667M Maj Saurabh Srivastava, 5 SIKH
3. IC-82343A Maj Akash Mishra, SIKH LI, 8 ASSAM RIF
4. SS-48839H Maj Dhruv Dagar, ARMD, 4 ASSAM RIF
5. 19001011K Hav Pawandeep Singh, 5 SIKH
6. 4594035N Sep Sirsat Tejas Yashawant, 2 MAHAR

Operation Sahayata

1. IC-84031H Maj Himanshu Deopa, 5/9 GR
2. 5852956F Hav Subhash Poudel, 5/9 GR

Operation Rhino

1. IC-81896K Maj Amit Mishra, ARTY, 23 ASSAM RIF

Operation Meghdoot

1. 09851-N Lt Pranoy Roy, Indian Navy, 666 ARMY AVN SQN (R&O)

Operation Gurihaajan

1. 4198986P Hav Nawjeet Singh Chauhan, KUMAON, 13 RR
2. 20014399H Ptr Sukhvinder Singh, PARA, 13 RR

Operation Mulkhyama

1. IC-81017L Maj Prathyush P, NAGA, 13 RR

Operation Reconnaissance

1. IC-82851W Maj Anirban Kalita, ARTY, 23 (I) R&O FLT

Operation Zokhawthar

1. G/2851919Y Hav T Meren Konyak, 42 ASSAM RIF

Operation Falcon

1. IC-83309M Maj Sanxep Bhardwaj, PUNJAB, 667 ARMY AVN SQN (R&O)

Operation CAS Evacuation

1. 09431-H Lt Cdr Dhruv Sharma, Indian Navy, 671 ARMY AVN SQN (R&O)
2. IC-64488H Lt Col Bijender Singh Ahlawat, 201 ARMY AVN SQN (UH)
3. IC-71926H Lt Col Changda Riyaz, 201 ARMY AVN SQN (UH)
4. IC-77593X Maj Devesh Sharma, 659 ARMY AVN SQN (R&O)

IS Duty

1. 15447536F Nk Mahesh Manoharan, AMC, 20 JAT

Miscellaneous Operations

1. IC-70696N Lt Col Praveen Nair, 627 EME BN
2. IC-74852K Lt Col Rahul Ramrao Shinde, 301 ARMY AVN SQN (SPL OPS)
3. SL-05416F Maj Ram Shankar Choudhary, 617 EME BN
4. 17006846W Hmt Shailendra Singh Rajput, 617 EME BN
5. 14662214M Hav Badgujar Sandip Hiralal, EME, 39(I) R&O FLT
6. 15823213N Hav Santosh Kumar, 16 FAD
7. 5352320X Hav Dilli Ram Gurung, 11 GR, 1 SIKKIM SCOUTS
8. 15596834W Spr Jaspal Singh, ENGRS, 113 RCC (GREF)
9. 5053274F Rfn Sanjeep Yonghang, 2/1 GR
10. 5053332A Rfn Surendra Budha Magar, 2/1 GR
11. 9428060M Rfn Jigmee Lachenpa, 11 GR, 1 SIKKIM SCOUTS
12. 15585307P OEM Mutkure Mhesh Santosh, EMGRS, 93 RR (GREF)

Indian Air Force

Operation Sankalp

1. Squadron Leader Loverpreet Singh (35208) Flying (Pilot)
2. Master Warrant Officer Bhuwanesh Chandra Dwivedi (767425) Flight Gunner
3. Sergeant Saurabh Singh (915136) Flight Gunner

These Mentioned-in-Despatches pay tribute to the professionalism and valor of the recipients, who exemplify the highest standards of service in safeguarding the nation’s interests. From counter-insurgency and rescue missions to specialized operations in challenging terrains, each awardee has demonstrated exceptional courage, dedication, and commitment to duty.

The Government and the people of India extend their congratulations to all the awardees, including the families of the posthumous recipients, for their invaluable contributions to national security and the honor they bring to the Armed Forces.

On the eve of the 76th Republic Day, President Smt. Droupadi Murmu approved gallantry awards for 93 Armed Forces and Central Armed Police Forces personnel. These include 11 posthumous honors. The distribution of awards is as follows:

• Kirti Chakra: 2 (1 posthumous)
• Shaurya Chakra: 14 (3 posthumous)
• Bar to Sena Medal (Gallantry): 1
• Sena Medal (Gallantry): 66 (7 posthumous)
• Nao Sena Medal (Gallantry): 2
• Vayu Sena Medal (Gallantry): 8

In addition, the President approved 305 defence decorations, including 30 Param Vishisht Seva Medals, 57 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, and 43 Sena Medals (Devotion to Duty), among others.

Below is the full list of the 93 gallantry award recipients:

Gallantry Awards Winners Table

Highlights

• Kirti Chakra Recipients: Recognized for their supreme acts of valor, including Major Manjit and Naik Dilwar Khan (posthumous).
• Shaurya Chakra Recipients: Includes personnel from the Army, Air Force, and CRPF, acknowledging exceptional bravery and selflessness.
• Sena Medals (Gallantry): Majority of awardees honored under this category for their courage during operations.

For a full list, including all Sena Medal, Nao Sena Medal, and Vayu Sena Medal awardees, refer to the detailed table or official notifications.

Conclusion

The gallantry awardees reflect the exceptional valor and dedication of our Armed Forces and Central Armed Police Forces personnel. Their contributions ensure the nation’s security and uphold its sovereignty.

As the nation comes together to celebrate Republic Day 2025, a day that symbolizes India’s unity, democracy, and sovereignty, the Indian Armed Forces uphold the time-honored tradition of awarding Honorary Ranks to recognize exemplary service, dedication, and contributions in various fields. These prestigious titles of Honorary Captain and Honorary Lieutenant are conferred on individuals who have displayed outstanding commitment to the nation and its defense forces.

The Honorary Commission is a cherished acknowledgment that bridges the gap between extraordinary service and formal recognition, reflecting the deep respect and admiration the country holds for these individuals. This year’s Honorary Ranks List has been officially released, and it celebrates the exceptional individuals who have been conferred these distinguished titles as part of the Republic Day 2025 honors.

TO BE HONORARY CAPTAIN (ON ACTIVE LIST)

The President is pleased to award honorary commission to the rank of Honorary Captain/Lieutenant on the eve of Republic Day 2025 to the under mentioned Honorary Lieutenants/JCOs on active list under Para 177 of Regulation for the Army 1987, with effect from 26 January 2025 subject to the individual not being under any disciplinary action and satisfactory continued performance.

TO BE NAIB RISALDAR/SUBEDAR (ON RETIREMENT)

The President is pleased to grant honorary rank of Naib Risaldar/Subedar to the under mentioned NCOs on the eve of Republic Day 2025 under Para 180 of the Regulation for the Army 1987, with effect from the dates shown against their names.

TO BE HONORARY CAPTAIN (ON RETIREMENT)

The President is pleased to grant honorary ranks to the under mentioned Honorary Lieutenants and JCOs on the eve of Republic Day 2025 on retirement under Para 179 of the Regulation for the Army 1987, with effect from the dates shown against their names:-

The Significance of Honorary Ranks

The Honorary Ranks of Captain and Lieutenant are traditionally granted to Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) and other deserving personnel from the Indian Army in recognition of their exceptional service, leadership, and contribution to the military and society. These ranks serve as a testament to the unwavering dedication and hard work demonstrated by the honorees.

Each year, these honorary titles are awarded during India’s national celebrations, including Republic Day and Independence Day, as a tribute to the spirit of service that defines the Indian Armed Forces.

Honoring the Spirit of Service

This initiative reflects the core values of the Indian Army and its commitment to recognizing the efforts of individuals who go above and beyond in the line of duty. The Honorary Commission stands as an inspiration for future generations to uphold the values of patriotism, dedication, and integrity.

We extend our heartfelt congratulations to all the recipients of Honorary Ranks this Republic Day 2025 and express our gratitude for their selfless service to the nation.

Stay tuned for updates and the full list of honorees as announced by the Indian Army.