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List of International Organisations and Headquarters [PDF]

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International Organisations UPSC

In today’s interconnected world, international organisations play a pivotal role in shaping the global agenda, fostering stronger political ties, and facilitating the implementation of crucial development programs. These multilateral institutions have been established through extensive negotiations, with the primary objective of defining global goals, enacting international laws, and formulating policies that address the needs of diverse nations. By providing a platform for member states to discuss, negotiate, and ultimately reach consensus on pressing issues, these organisations have become indispensable in resolving conflicts and addressing challenges that transcend national borders.

Understanding the Typology of International Organisations

International organisations can be broadly categorised into three distinct types: Intergovernmental Organisations, International Non-Governmental Organisations, and Multinational Enterprises. Intergovernmental Organisations, such as the United Nations, are established by governments and serve as forums for member states to collaborate on a wide range of issues. International Non-Governmental Organisations, like Amnesty International, operate independently of governments and focus on specific areas of concern, often advocating for social, economic, or environmental causes. Multinational Enterprises, on the other hand, are private-sector entities that engage in cross-border economic activities, shaping global trade and investment patterns.

The Significance of International Organisations for UPSC Aspirants

The headquarters of various international organisations and their respective years of establishment are a crucial topic for UPSC aspirants. This knowledge holds immense significance, as it forms a substantial part of the International Relations section in the General Studies Paper-2 Syllabus. Additionally, questions related to international organisations and their headquarters are frequently asked in both the UPSC Preliminary and Mains examinations, underscoring the importance of this subject matter for successful IAS preparation.

Headquarters of Major International Organisations

To provide a comprehensive understanding, we have compiled a detailed list of prominent international organisations and their respective headquarters:

United Nations (UN) and its Specialised Agencies

  • United Nations (UN) – Headquarters: New York, United States of America (1945)
  • United Nations Security Council – Headquarters: New York, United States of America (1945)
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – Headquarters: Paris, France (1945)
  • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) – Headquarters: New York, United States of America (1965)
  • United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) – Headquarters: New York, United States of America (1946)
  • United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) – Headquarters: New York, United States of America (1969)
  • United Nations World Tourism Organization – Headquarters: Madrid, Spain (1974)
  • United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) – Headquarters: Turin, Italy (1968)
  • United Nations Industrial Development Organization – Headquarters: Vienna, Austria (1966)
  • UN Women – Headquarters: New York, United States of America (2010)
  • UN Habitat – Headquarters: Nairobi, Kenya (1978)

Economic and Financial Organisations

  • International Monetary Fund (IMF) – Headquarters: Washington D.C., United States of America (1944)
  • World Bank Group (IBRD, IDA, IFC) – Headquarters: Washington D.C., United States of America (1944)
  • Bank for International Settlements (BIS) – Headquarters: Basel, Switzerland (1930)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) – Headquarters: Paris, France (1961)
  • Asian Development Bank (ADB) – Headquarters: Mandaluyong, Philippines (1966)
  • Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) – Headquarters: Beijing, China (2016)
  • New Development Bank (NDB) – Headquarters: Shanghai, China (2015)

Trade and Commerce Organisations

  • World Trade Organization (WTO) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1995)
  • International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) – Headquarters: Paris, France (1919)
  • International Organization for Standardization (ISO) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1947)

Specialised Agencies

  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) – Headquarters: Rome, Italy (1945)
  • International Labour Organization (ILO) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1919)
  • World Health Organization (WHO) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1948)
  • International Maritime Organization (IMO) – Headquarters: London, United Kingdom (1948)
  • International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) – Headquarters: Montreal, Canada (1947)
  • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1865)
  • World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1967)

Regional Organisations

  • European Union (EU) – Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium (1993)
  • African Union (AU) – Headquarters: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (2002)
  • Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – Headquarters: Jakarta, Indonesia (1967)
  • South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) – Headquarters: Kathmandu, Nepal (1985)
  • Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) – Headquarters: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (1981)
  • Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) – Headquarters: Beijing, China (2001)
  • Commonwealth of Nations – Headquarters: London, United Kingdom (1931)

Specialised Organisations

  • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) – Headquarters: Vienna, Austria (1957)
  • International Criminal Court (ICC) – Headquarters: The Hague, Netherlands (2002)
  • International Court of Justice (ICJ) – Headquarters: The Hague, Netherlands (1945)
  • International Organization for Migration (IOM) – Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland (1951)
  • Interpol – Headquarters: Lyon, France (1923)
  • International Olympic Committee (IOC) – Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland (1894)

Environmental and Energy Organisations

  • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) – Headquarters: Nairobi, Kenya (1972)
  • International Energy Agency (IEA) – Headquarters: Paris, France (1974)
  • International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) – Headquarters: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (2009)
  • International Seabed Authority – Headquarters: Kingston, Jamaica (1994)

Security and Defence Organisations

  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium (1949)
  • Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) – Headquarters: The Hague, Netherlands (1997)
  • Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) – Headquarters: Tokyo, Japan (1987)

India’s Membership in International Organisations

As a prominent member of the global community, India is part of numerous international organisations, each providing financial assistance and supporting the country’s development initiatives. Some of the key international organisations that India is a member of include:

  • Asian Development Bank (ADB)
  • African Development Bank (AfDB)
  • BRICS
  • Commonwealth of Nations
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
  • International Development Association (IDA)
  • International Finance Corporation (IFC)
  • International Labour Organization (ILO)
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF)
  • International Maritime Organization (IMO)
  • International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
  • Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
  • Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
  • South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
  • United Nations (UN)
  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • World Trade Organization (WTO)

Mnemonics and Tricks to Remember Headquarters

To help you easily recall the headquarters of various international organisations, we have devised some helpful mnemonics and tricks:

Organisations with Headquarters in London

Remember the mnemonic “I Am a Common man in London”:

  • I – International Maritime Organization (IMO)
  • Am – Amnesty International
  • Common – Commonwealth of Nations
  • Common – Commonwealth Telecommunication Organization

Organisations with Headquarters in New York

Remember the phrase “UN Child Emergency in New York”:

  • UN – United Nations Organization
  • Child – United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
  • Emergency – United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Organisations with Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

Organisations involved in “industrial development,” “petroleum,” or “atomic” matters often have their headquarters in Vienna, Austria.

  • United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
  • Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

UN Organizations

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
United NationsUNNew York City, USA1945
Food and Agriculture OrganizationFAOPalazzo FAO, Rome, Italy1945
International Labour OrganizationILOGeneva, Switzerland1919
International Civil Aviation OrganizationICAOMontreal, Quebec, Canada1947
International Maritime OrganizationIMOLondon, United Kingdom1959
United Nations High Commissioner for RefugeesUNHCR Geneva, Switzerland1950
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDSUNAIDSGeneva, Switzerland1996
United Nations Atomic Energy CommissionUNAECNew York City, USA1946
United Nations Capital Development FundUNCDFNew York City, USA 
United Nations Children’s FundUNICEFNew York City, USA1946
United Nations Development ProgrammeUNDPNew York City, USA1965
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Paris, France1946
United Nations Environment ProgrammeUNEPNairobi, Kenya1972
United Nations Human Settlements ProgrammeUN-Habitat Nairobi, Kenya1978
United Nations Industrial Development OrganizationUNIDOVienna, Austria1985
United Nations International Strategy for Disaster ReductionUNISDRGeneva, Switzerland2000
United Nations Office on Drugs and CrimeUNODCVienna, Austria1997
Universal Postal UnionUPUBern, Switzerland1874
World Health OrganizationWHOGeneva, Switzerland1948
World Intellectual Property OrganizationWIPOGeneva, Switzerland1967
World Food ProgrammeWFPRome, Italy1961
World Meteorological OrganizationWMOGeneva, Switzerland1950
World Tourism OrganizationUNWTOMadrid, Spain1957
International Rescue CommitteeIRCNew York City, United States1933
International Atomic Energy AgencyIAEAVienna, Austria1957
International Telecommunication UnionITUGeneva, Switzerland1947
Office of the High Commissioner for Human RightsOHCHRGeneva, Switzerland1993

Political and Economic Organizations

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
European UnionEUBrussels1958
African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of StatesACPBrussels – Belgium1975
African UnionAUAddis Ababa, Johannesburg2001y
Andean CommunityCANLima, Peru.1969
Arab League(League of Arab States)Cairo1905y
Arab Maghreb UnionAMURabat, Morocco1956
Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationAPECSingapore1905y
Association of Southeast Asian NationsASEANJakarta, Indonesia1967
Caribbean CommunityCARICOMGeorgetown, Guyana.1973
Central American ParliamentPARLACENGuatemala City1980
Common Market of East and Southern AfricaCOMESALusaka, Zambia1994
Commonwealth of Nations   (British Commonwealth)London, United Kingdom1926
 Commonwealth of Independent States (Russian Commonwealth)CISMoscow, Russian1991
Council of EuropeCoEStrasbourg, France1949
East African CommunityEACArusha1967
Economic Community of West African StatesECOWASAbuja, Nigeria1975
European Free Trade AssociationEFTAGeneva, Switzerland1960
Gulf Cooperation CouncilGCCRiyadh, Saudi Arabia1981
Indian Ocean Commission IOCPort Louis, Mauritius1982
Non-Aligned MovementNAMNew York City, USA1961
Nordic CouncilCopenhagen, Denmark1952
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentOECDParis, France1948
Organization for Security and Co-operation in EuropeOSCEVienna, Austria1973
Organization of American StatesOASWashington, D.C.1948
Organisation of Eastern Caribbean StatesOECSCastries, Saint Lucia1981
Organisation of Islamic CooperationOIC Jeddah, Saudi Arabia1969
Secretariat of the Pacific CommunitySPCNouméa1947
Pacific Islands Forum –Suva, Fiji1971
South Asian Association for Regional CooperationSAARCKathmandu, Nepal1985
Southern African Development CommunitySADCGaborone, Botswana1992
Union of South American NationsUSANQuito, Ecuador2004
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples OrganizationUNPO The Hague, Netherlands1991
World Trade OrganizationWTOGeneva, Switzerland1995
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the PacificESCAPBangkok, Thailand1947

Military Organizations

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
North Atlantic Treaty OrganisationNATOBrussels, Belgium1949
European Security and Defence PolicyESDPParis 
Shanghai Cooperation OrganisationSCOBeijing, China1996
Collective Security Treaty OrganizationCSTO Moscow, Russia1992
Peace and Security CouncilPSCAddis Ababa 

Financial Organizations

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
World BankWashington D.C., United States1944
African Development BankAfDBAbidjan, Ivory Coast(statutory) & Tunis, Tunisia (temporary)1963
Asian Development BankADBMetro Manila, Philippines1966
European Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentEBRDLondon1991
Inter-American Development Bank IDBWashington, D.C.1959
International Monetary FundIMFWashington, D.C1945
Islamic Development BankIDBJeddah, Saudi Arabia1973
International Monetary FundIMFWashington, D.C., United States1945
International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentIFADRome, Italy1977
Bank for International SettlementsBISBasel, Switzerland1930
Black Sea Trade and Development BankBSTDBThessaloniki, Greece1997
Caribbean Development Bank CDBBridgetown, Barbados1969
Nordic Development FundNDFHelsinki, Finland.1989
Nordic Investment Bank NIBHelsinki, Finland.1970
European Central BankECBFrankfurt, Germany1998

Sports Federations

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
Asian Football ConfederationAFCKuala Lumpur, Malaysia1954
Confederation of African FootballCAF 6th of October City, Egypt.1957
Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association FootballCONCACAFMiami, Florida, U.S.1961
South American Football ConfederationCONMEBOLLuque, Paraguay1916
Oceania Football ConfederationOFCAuckland, New Zealand1966
Union of European Football AssociationsUEFANyon, Switzerland1954
World Chess Federation(Fédération Internationale des Échecs )FIDEAthens, Greece1924
International Federation of Association Football(Fédération Internationale de Football Association)FIFAZürich, Switzerland1904
International Cricket CouncilICCDubai, United Arab Emirates1909
International Olympic CommitteeIOCLausanne, Switzerland1894
International Paralympic CommitteeIPCBonn, Germany1989
World Rugby(International Rugby Football Board)IRFBDublin,Ireland1886
Commonwealth Games FederationCGFLondon, United Kingdom1930
International Tennis FederationITFLondon,  UK1913
Badminton World FederationBWFKuala Lumpur, Malaysia1934
International Hockey FederationFIHLausanne, Switzerland1924

Financial Organizations :

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
European Space AgencyESAParis,France1975
Indian Space Research OrganisationISROBangalore, India1969
National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASAWashington, D.C. , USA1958
United Kingdom Space AgencyUKSA Swindon, Wiltshire2010
China National Space AdministrationCNSABeijing, China1993
Russian Federal Space Agency RoscosmosMoscow, Russia1992
French Space AgencyCNESParis, France1961
Japan Aerospace Exploration AgencyJAXATokyo, Japan2003
German Aerospace CenterDLRCologne1969
Italian Space AgencyASIRome, Italy1988

Other Important Organization :

Organizations NameAbbreviationHeadquartersFormation
Colombo PlanColombo, Sri Lanka1950
Antarctic Treaty SystemATSWashington, D.C., USA1959
Intergovernmental Authority on DevelopmentIGADDjibouti City1986
International Committee of the Red CrossICRCGeneva, Switzerland1863
International Court of JusticeICJThe Hague, Netherlands1945
International Criminal Court ICCThe Hague, Netherlands1998
International Criminal Police OrganizationINTERPOLLyon, France1923
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent SocietiesIFRCGeneva, Switzerland1919
International Organization for Migration IOMGeneva, Switzerland1951
International Centre for Migration Policy DevelopmentICMPDVienna, Austria1993
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical WeaponsOPCWThe Hague, Netherlands1997
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting CountriesOPECVienna, Austria1960
World Toilet OrganizationWTOSingapore2001

Conclusion

The headquarters of international organisations and the year of their establishment are crucial knowledge for UPSC aspirants. By understanding the typology of these organisations, their roles, and the strategic locations of their headquarters, candidates can enhance their preparation for the UPSC examination, particularly the International Relations section. This comprehensive guide provides a valuable resource for navigating the complex global landscape of international organisations and strengthening your IAS preparation journey.

10 Toughest Exams in India 2024

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India is known for its highly competitive educational system, where examinations play a crucial role in determining a student’s future. These exams are not just assessments of knowledge but also tests of mental stability, aptitude, and technical proficiency. While there are numerous exams conducted in the country, only a select few are considered the toughest to crack. In this article, we will explore the top 10 toughest exams in India and delve into the challenges they present to aspiring candidates.

1. IIT-JEE: The Gateway to Prestigious Engineering Institutes

The Indian Institutes of Technology Joint Entrance Examination (IIT-JEE) is widely regarded as one of the toughest exams not only in India but also globally. It serves as the gateway to the prestigious IITs, which are known for their world-class engineering programs. The IIT-JEE is divided into two levels: JEE Main and JEE Advanced. Only those who clear the JEE Main are eligible to appear for the JEE Advanced. The competition is fierce, with only a fraction of the candidates making it to the Advanced stage.

2. UPSC CSE: A Journey towards Civil Services

The Union Public Service Commission Civil Services Examination (UPSC CSE) is considered one of the most coveted and challenging exams in India. It is the gateway to prestigious positions in the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), Indian Revenue Service (IRS), and Indian Foreign Service (IFS), among others. The UPSC CSE is a multi-stage exam that tests candidates’ knowledge, aptitude, and personality traits. The success rate is extremely low, making it a highly competitive and difficult exam to crack.

3. GATE: The Key to Higher Education and PSU Jobs

The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and seven Indian Institutes of Technology. It assesses a candidate’s comprehensive understanding of various undergraduate subjects in engineering and science. GATE scores are not only used for admissions to post-graduate programs but also by several public sector undertakings (PSUs) for recruiting graduate engineers in entry-level positions. With a staggering number of applicants, GATE is undoubtedly one of the toughest exams in India.

4. NDA: For Aspiring Defense Personnel

The National Defense Academy (NDA) exam is a gateway for young aspirants who dream of serving in the Indian Army, Navy, or Air Force. It is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) twice a year. The NDA exam is known for its rigorous selection process, which includes a written examination, followed by an interview and physical fitness test. The competition is tough, and only the best candidates make it to the prestigious NDA.

8 Things To Know Before You Join NDA, IMA, OTA, AFA, NA

5. UGC-NET: A Test for Post-Graduates

The University Grants Commission National Eligibility Test (UGC-NET) is an exam conducted for post-graduates aspiring to become Assistant Professors or Junior Research Fellows. It is a highly specialized exam that tests candidates’ knowledge in their respective fields. UGC-NET scores are also used by public sector undertakings (PSUs) for the recruitment of administrators in various departments. The exam’s narrow candidature and the high level of expertise required make it one of the toughest exams in India.

6. IES: The Gateway to Lucrative Engineering and Managerial Jobs

The Indian Engineering Services (IES) exam, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), is a three-stage exam that opens doors to lucrative engineering and managerial jobs in the Government of India. The selection process includes a General Aptitude Test, an Objective Technical paper, a Technical paper, and an interview. The IES exam is highly sought after due to the attractive career opportunities it offers, making it one of the toughest exams in India.

7. CLAT: Entrance Exam for Law Programs

The Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) is the gateway to admission in 16 National Law Universities in India. It is conducted for both undergraduate and post-graduate law programs. CLAT assesses candidates’ knowledge in subjects such as Elementary Mathematics, English, General Knowledge, Legal Aptitude, and Logical Reasoning. With a growing number of aspirants each year, CLAT has gained a reputation as one of the toughest exams in India.

8. CA: Chartered Accountancy Exam

The Chartered Accountancy (CA) exam conducted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) is a three-level exam that tests candidates’ knowledge and skills in finance, accounting, taxation, and auditing. It is considered one of the toughest professional exams in India, with a low success rate. The CA exam offers immense career opportunities and is highly regarded in the field of finance and business.

9. AIIMS PG: Entrance Exam for Medical Post-Graduate Courses

The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) conducts the AIIMS PG entrance exam to select candidates for post-graduate medical courses. The exam is highly competitive, with a limited number of seats available. AIIMS PG is known for its rigorous selection process and comprehensive evaluation of candidates’ medical knowledge and skills. Clearing this exam is a significant achievement and a testament to a candidate’s dedication and hard work.

10. CAT: Gateway to Prestigious Management Programs

The Common Admission Test (CAT) is conducted by the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) for selecting students for their business administration programs. CAT scores are also accepted by other prestigious institutes for their management programs. The exam assesses candidates’ aptitude and language skills. With a high number of applicants, CAT is known for its tough competition and rigorous evaluation process.

In conclusion, the top 10 toughest exams in India present immense challenges to aspiring candidates. These exams test not only knowledge but also mental stability, aptitude, and technical proficiency. Clearing these exams requires dedication, hard work, and perseverance. However, success in these exams opens doors to rewarding career opportunities and paves the way for a bright future.

Will the Indian Army Ever Use Jetpacks?

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para sf jetpack

The Indian Army’s flirtation with the concept of jetpacks has ignited a mix of excitement and skepticism among observers and defense analysts alike. The surfacing of a photograph depicting an Indian Para SF Operator trialing Gravity Industries’ jetpack in Agra has added fuel to the speculative fire regarding the future of such technology in Indian military operations.

The trials, coupled with news of the army planning to purchase 40-50 jetpacks at a cost of 4-5 Crores each, suggest a serious consideration of this technology. But will the Indian Army actually deploy these futuristic devices?

indian army jet pack

The Promise of Jetpack Technology

Jetpacks, often relegated to the realms of science fiction and high-octane cinema, promise unmatched mobility in combat and rescue scenarios. They enable soldiers to navigate rugged terrains, leapfrog natural and man-made obstacles, and potentially transform search and rescue, as well as rapid response tactics.

The Indian Army’s interest in such technology isn’t without precedent; the quest for technological superiority on the battlefield is a constant endeavor. In theory, a jetpack equipped force could drastically alter the dynamics of border patrolling and special operations, especially in challenging terrains like those found along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China.

para sf jetpack
Para SF operator testing a Jetpack

Practical Challenges and Limitations

However, the practical application of jetpacks in military operations is fraught with challenges. The recent decision to put the procurement plans on temporary hold hints at potential technical or operational hurdles.

These could range from concerns over the reliability and safety of the technology to its integration within existing military frameworks. Moreover, the physical demand on operators, who would need to maneuver with an additional 50 kilograms of equipment, raises questions about the viability of such suits in prolonged operations.

Economic and Strategic Considerations

The economic aspect cannot be overlooked either. With each unit costing several crores, the investment in jetpack technology is significant. Whether this cost is justifiable in the broader context of military budget allocations, and whether it represents the best possible use of resources, remains debatable.

Additionally, the strategic utility of jetpacks, while appealing on paper, must be weighed against other pressing defense needs, including traditional arms and equipment that may offer broader utility.

indian army

Conclusion: A Cautious Approach

While the idea of Indian Army soldiers soaring into action using jetpacks captures the imagination, a more cautious approach seems prudent. The technology, although promising, must first prove itself robust and adaptable to the specific requirements and harsh realities of military use. It must not only be effective but also reliable and cost-efficient to justify its deployment on a significant scale.

Indian Army’s New Jetpack

In conclusion, while the Indian Army’s exploration of jetpack technology is an exciting development, the path to actual deployment is complex and uncertain. It involves balancing innovation with practicality and strategic value. As of now, the future of jetpacks in the Indian Army remains a captivating possibility—one that is yet to be fully realized.

War Cry and Motto of Indian Army Regiments

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The Indian Army, renowned for its unwavering courage, discipline, and dedication, is a tapestry of rich heritage and storied traditions. At the heart of this revered institution lie the mottos and war cries that echo across its diverse regiments, capturing the indomitable spirit of the soldiers who don the uniform. These battle cries and regimental mottoes serve as a rallying call, instilling a sense of unity, pride, and determination in the hearts of the men and women who defend the nation’s sovereignty.

The Significance of Mottos and War Cries

The mottos and war cries of the Indian Army’s regiments are more than just words – they are the embodiment of the regiment’s ethos, history, and the collective resolve of its soldiers. These sacred phrases, often rooted in ancient languages like Sanskrit and Urdu, encapsulate the core values that guide the regiment’s actions on and off the battlefield. They serve as a constant reminder of the sacrifices and triumphs that have forged the regiment’s legacy, inspiring the current generation of soldiers to uphold the highest standards of military excellence.

indian army motto

The Unifying Power of War Cries

The war cries of the Indian Army regiments hold a unique power in their ability to unite the soldiers under a common banner. When echoed on the battlefield, these rallying calls transcend language and cultural barriers, forging a bond of camaraderie and shared purpose among the troops. The synchronous chanting of these war cries before an engagement not only boosts morale but also strikes fear into the hearts of the adversaries, who are confronted with the collective resolve of the regiment.

The Guiding Principles of Regimental Mottos

In contrast, the mottos of the Indian Army regiments serve as the guiding principles that shape the conduct and character of the soldiers. These succinct yet profound statements, often written in classical languages, encapsulate the regiment’s core values, such as duty, honor, courage, and sacrifice. These mottos act as a moral compass, reminding the soldiers of the higher purpose they serve and the ideals they must uphold, even in the face of the most daunting challenges.

RegimentWar Cry
Gorkha Rifles“Jai Maa Kali, Ayo Gorkhali”
The Grenadiers“Sarvada Shaktishali”
Parachute Regiment“Balidan Param Dharma”
Rajput Regiment“Bol Bajrangbali Ki Jai”
Rajputana Rifles“Raja Ram Chandra Ki Jai”
Dogra Regiment“Jwala Mata Ki Jai”
J&K Light Infantry“Bharat Mata Ki Jai”
J&K Rifles“Durga Mata Ki Jai”
The Garhwal Rifles“Badri Vishal Ki Jai”
The Guards“Garud Ka Hun Bol Pyaare”
Jat Regiment“Jat Balwan, Jai Bhagwan”
Maratha Light Infantry“Bola Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Ki Jai”
Mahar Regiment“Bolo Hindustan Ki Jai”
Naga Regiment“Jai Durga Naga”
Bihar Regiment“Jai Bajrang Bali”
Assam Regiment“Rhino Charge”
Kumaon Regiment“Kalika Mata Ki Jai”
Madras Regiment“Veer Madrasi, Adi Kollu, Adi Kollu”
Mechanised Infantry“Bolo Bharat Mata Ki Jai”
Sikh Light Infantry“Jo Bole So Nihal, Sat Sri Akal”
Ladakh Scouts“Ki Ki So So Lhargyalo”

The Diversity of Regimental Identities

The Indian Army’s regiments are as diverse as the nation itself, each with its own unique history, composition, and traditions. This diversity is reflected in the vast array of mottos and war cries that resonate across the force, each one imbued with the distinct cultural and regional heritage of the soldiers who carry the regimental banner.

The Madras Regiment: Valor and Sacrifice

The Madras Regiment, one of the oldest infantry regiments of the Indian Army, proudly bears the motto “Swadharme nidhanam shreyaha,” which translates to “It is a glory to die doing one’s duty.” This phrase encapsulates the unwavering commitment and selflessness that have defined the regiment’s actions in numerous campaigns, from the Jammu and Kashmir operations to the Sino-Indian conflict and the Indo-Pak wars. The regiment’s war cry, “Veera Madrassi, Adi Kollu, Adi Kollu,” further reinforces its reputation for bravery, urging the soldiers to “Strike and kill, strike and kill!”

The Brigade of the Guards: First Always First

The Brigade of the Guards, an elite mechanized infantry regiment, carries the motto “Pehla Hamesha Pehla,” which means “First Always First.” This phrase reflects the regiment’s legacy of being the first “all India, all class” infantry unit, where soldiers from diverse backgrounds serve together, setting the standard for the rest of the Indian Army. The regiment’s war cry, “Garud ka hun bol pyare,” or “I am the son of Garuda, Say O my friend,” further reinforces its reputation for excellence and camaraderie.

The Mechanized Infantry Regiment: Valour and Faith

The Mechanized Infantry Regiment, one of the youngest in the Indian Army, bears the motto “Valour and Faith,” encapsulating the core attributes that define its soldiers. This regiment, formed in the aftermath of the 1965 Indo-Pak War, has distinguished itself in various operations, from Sri Lanka’s Operation Pawan to the Kargil War and UN peacekeeping missions. The regiment’s war cry, “Bolo Bharat Mata ki jai,” or “Say Victory to Mother India,” serves as a rallying call that unites its diverse ranks.

war cry

The Martial Traditions of the Rajput and Sikh Regiments

The Indian Army’s Rajput and Sikh regiments have long been synonymous with valor, discipline, and unwavering loyalty to the nation. Their mottos and war cries reflect the rich cultural and historical legacies that have shaped these formidable units.

The Rajputana Rifles: Brave Shall Inherit the Earth

The Rajputana Rifles, the oldest rifle regiment of the Indian Army, carries the motto “Veer bhogya vasundhara,” which translates to “The brave shall inherit the earth.” This phrase encapsulates the regiment’s reputation for heroism, with its soldiers earning numerous gallantry awards, including six Victoria Crosses, over the course of its illustrious history. The regiment’s war cry, “Raja Ramachandra ki jai,” or “Victory to King Ramachandra,” further reinforces its connection to the Rajput heritage.

The Sikh Regiment: Determination and Triumph

The Sikh Regiment, one of the most decorated units in the Indian Army, bears the motto “Nischay kar apni jeet karon,” which means “With determination, I will be triumphant.” This phrase reflects the unwavering resolve and disciplined approach that have defined the regiment’s actions in numerous conflicts, from the World Wars to the Indo-Pak wars. The regiment’s war cry, “Jo bole So Nihal, sat sri akal,” or “He who cries ‘God is truth’ is ever happy,” is a testament to the strong Sikh identity that underpins its regimental ethos.

The Gurkha Regiments: Bravery and Resilience

The Gurkha regiments of the Indian Army, renowned for their fearless fighting spirit and unparalleled mountain warfare skills, have their own unique mottos and war cries that have become synonymous with the Nepali-speaking soldiers who serve under their banners.

The 1st Gorkha Rifles: Better to Die than Live as a Coward

The 1st Gorkha Rifles, one of the oldest Gurkha regiments in the Indian Army, carries the motto “Kayar hunu bhanda marnu ramro,” which translates to “Better to die than live like a coward.” This phrase encapsulates the regiment’s unwavering courage and commitment to the ideals of honor and sacrifice. The regiment’s war cry, “Jai Ma Kali, ayo Gorkhali,” or “Hail Goddess Kali, here come the Gorkhas,” further reinforces its fierce reputation on the battlefield.

The 11th Gorkha Rifles: Victory Resides Where I Reside

The 11th Gorkha Rifles, another distinguished Gurkha regiment, bears the motto “Yatraham vijayastatra,” which means “Victory resides where I reside.” This phrase reflects the regiment’s ability to adapt and thrive in diverse terrain and operational environments, from the high-altitude Siachen Glacier to the jungles of the Northeast. The regiment’s war cry, “Jai Ma Kali, ayo Gorkhali,” is shared with the 1st Gorkha Rifles, further cementing the Gurkha identity that unites these elite units.

The Specialized Regiments: Guardians of the Frontiers

The Indian Army’s specialized regiments, such as the Parachute Regiment, the Ladakh Scouts, and the Arunachal Scouts, have their own unique mottos and war cries that reflect the specialized nature of their roles and the extreme environments in which they operate.

The Parachute Regiment: The Conqueror

The Parachute Regiment, the Indian Army’s premier airborne and special forces unit, carries the motto “Shatrujeet,” which means “The conqueror.” This phrase encapsulates the regiment’s reputation for daring and decisive action, as its soldiers have distinguished themselves in operations ranging from the Indo-Pak wars to the Kargil conflict and various UN peacekeeping missions. The regiment’s war cry, “Balidan Param Dharma,” or “Sacrifice Before Duty,” further underscores the selfless dedication of its soldiers.

The Ladakh Scouts: Victory to God

The Ladakh Scouts, a specialized mountain warfare regiment, carry the war cry “Ki ki so so Lhargyalo,” which translates to “Victory to God.” This phrase reflects the regiment’s deep connection to the rugged terrain and harsh climatic conditions of the Ladakh region, where its soldiers have earned numerous gallantry awards for their bravery and resilience in defending the nation’s borders.

The Enduring Legacy of Regimental Identities

The mottos and war cries of the Indian Army’s regiments are more than just words – they are the embodiment of the rich history, cultural heritage, and unwavering spirit that have defined the Indian military for generations. As the nation’s soldiers continue to uphold the highest standards of service and sacrifice, these regimental identities will endure as a source of inspiration and pride, guiding the next generation of defenders of the motherland.

Lieutenant General AK Ramesh Presented Awards To Officer Cadets At CTW CME Pune

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In a significant ceremony held at the Cadet Training Wing (CTW) of the College of Military Engineering (CME) in Pune, meritorious Officer Cadets of the Technical Entry Scheme (TES-43) were honored for their exemplary performance.

The event was presided over by Lieutenant General AK Ramesh, Commandant of CTW, who presented the awards to the distinguished cadets.

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The highlight of the ceremony was WCQM Shubham Singh Tanwar, who was awarded first place in the Order of Merit, demonstrating outstanding leadership and academic excellence throughout the course.

Additionally, the Bravo Platoon received the prestigious GOCinC ARTRAC Banner, recognizing their collective efforts and superior performance.

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Established on July 8, 2000, the CTW is renowned for its rigorous training program that combines basic military training and advanced engineering education, preparing Gentlemen Cadets to serve as commissioned officers in the Indian Army.

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The cadets initially undergo a one-year basic training at the Officers Training Academy (OTA) in Gaya, followed by three years of specialized engineering studies in Civil and Mechanical Engineering at CTW.

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The ceremony underscored the commitment of CTW to its motto “Power Through Knowledge,” celebrating the cadets’ achievements and their readiness to embark on their careers as commissioned officers in the Indian Army, equipped with both military and technical expertise.

Corporal Vikky Pahade Made Supreme Sacrifice For The Nation

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In a tragic incident in the Poonch sector of Jammu & Kashmir, Corporal Vikky Pahade of the Indian Air Force lost his life in a terrorist attack. The attack targeted an Indian Air Force convoy near Shahsitar, leading to intense search and cordon operations by military units in the region.

Air Chief Marshal VR Chaudhari and all personnel of the Indian Air Force expressed their deepest condolences, saluting Corporal Pahade for his bravery and supreme sacrifice.

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“Our thoughts are with the bereaved family at this difficult time, and we stand firmly by your side in this hour of grief,” stated an official release from the Air Force.

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The area has been secured, and the convoy’s safety is no longer compromised. Military and investigative units are conducting a thorough investigation to determine the specifics of the attack and to ensure the security of military personnel and local inhabitants.

5 Soldiers Injured in Attack on Indian Air Force Convoy in Poonch

JAG 33 SSB Interview Dates Indian Army

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Update: The link for selecting interview dates for the 33rd JAG Entry Scheme (October 2024) course for men is now active. Candidates can choose their SSB interview dates through the date selection link available in their profile. This link will remain open until 5:00 PM on May 7, 2024.

JAG CLAT Score Cut Off Marks

Regarding the 33rd JAG Entry Scheme (October 2024): This Short Service Commission is open to both men and women. The shortlisting of applications for the SSB interview has been completed, based on a minimum cutoff score of 10 in the CLAT PG 2023 exam.

The Indian Army has recently announced the availability of SSB Interview dates for the 33rd JAG Entry Scheme (Oct 2024) for women. This is an exciting opportunity for aspiring candidates who are looking to serve in the military legal branch. In this article, we will provide you with all the essential information about the JAG 33 SSB Interview dates, the selection process, and how to apply. So, let’s dive in!

JAG 33 SSB Interview Dates

The JAG 33 SSB Interview dates have been released by the Indian Army, and candidates who have applied for the 33rd JAG Entry Scheme are urged to select their SSB dates via the date selection link available in their profile. It is crucial to select your preferred dates within the given time frame to ensure you have the opportunity to attend the interview process.

The date selection link will remain open until 1500 hrs on 14th March 2024. Therefore, candidates should act promptly and choose their preferred dates before the deadline. It is essential to note that the selection of the interview dates is subject to availability, so it is advisable to select your dates as early as possible to secure your slot.

JAG 33 SSB Interview Overview

The JAG 33 SSB Interview follows a two-stage process. In Stage I, candidates will undergo a screening test, and those who qualify will move on to Stage II. The final selection of candidates will depend on their performance in both interview stages, along with meeting the medical fitness standards required by the Indian Army.

This rigorous selection process aims to identify candidates who not only possess the necessary academic qualifications but also demonstrate exceptional leadership qualities and physical fitness. Aspirants should prepare thoroughly for both stages of the SSB interview, focusing on improving their physical fitness, enhancing their understanding of legal principles, and developing strong leadership qualities.

Eligibility Criteria for JAG 33 Entry Scheme

The 33rd JAG entry scheme is open to both male and female law graduates who meet the eligibility criteria. This special entry scheme offers a unique opportunity for law graduates to serve in the Judge Advocate General Branch of the Indian Army. To be eligible for the JAG 33 Entry Scheme, candidates must fulfill the following criteria:

  1. Nationality: Candidates must be citizens of India.
  2. Age Limit: The age of the candidates should be between 21 to 27 years as of the date specified in the official notification.
  3. Educational Qualification: Candidates must have completed their LLB degree with a minimum of 55% aggregate marks from a recognized university.

It is essential to note that these are the basic eligibility criteria, and candidates must refer to the official notification for detailed information regarding age relaxation, educational qualifications, and any other requirements.

How to Apply for JAG 33 Entry Scheme

To apply for the JAG 33 Entry Scheme, eligible candidates must register and apply through the official website of the Indian Army. It is crucial to follow the application process meticulously, providing all the required documents and information to avoid any discrepancies. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you with the application process:

  1. Visit the official website of the Indian Army.
  2. Navigate to the “Officers Entry Apply/Login” section.
  3. Click on the “Registration” button and create your account.
  4. Log in to your account using your credentials.
  5. Fill in the application form with accurate details.
  6. Upload the required documents, including your photograph and signature.
  7. Pay the application fee, if applicable.
  8. Review the application form to ensure all information is correct.
  9. Submit the application form and take a printout for future reference.

Make sure to keep a copy of the submitted application form and the fee receipt as proof of your application.

Selection Process for JAG 33 Entry Scheme

The selection process for the JAG 33 Entry Scheme consists of two stages: Stage I and Stage II.

Stage I: Screening Test

In Stage I, candidates will undergo a screening test that includes the following components:

  1. Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) test: This test evaluates the candidate’s logical and analytical abilities.
  2. Picture Perception and Description Test (PPDT): Candidates will be shown a picture and asked to write a story based on their interpretation of the image.

Candidates who qualify in the Stage I screening test will proceed to Stage II.

Stage II: Interview Process

Stage II of the selection process consists of the following components:

  1. Psychological Tests: These tests assess the candidate’s personality traits, including their leadership potential and psychological suitability for a career in the military.
  2. Group Testing Officer Tasks (GTO): Candidates will participate in various group activities to evaluate their teamwork, communication, and problem-solving skills.
  3. Personal Interview: This is an individual interview conducted by a panel of experts to assess the candidate’s suitability for a career in the military legal branch.
  4. Medical Examination: Candidates who clear the previous stages will undergo a comprehensive medical examination to ensure they meet the required medical fitness standards.

The final selection of candidates will depend on their performance in both stages of the interview process, along with the medical fitness assessment.

Training and Commissioning Details

Selected candidates will undergo comprehensive training at the Officers Training Academy (OTA), Chennai. The training program will prepare them for various legal roles within the Indian Army. Upon successful completion of the training program, candidates will be commissioned as officers in the Judge Advocate General Branch, embarking on a fulfilling career that combines legal expertise with military leadership.

Key Takeaways for Aspirants

Aspirants aiming to join the JAG 33 Entry Scheme should keep the following key takeaways in mind:

  1. Thorough Preparation: Candidates are encouraged to prepare thoroughly for both stages of the SSB interview. Focus on improving your physical fitness, enhancing your understanding of legal principles, and developing strong leadership qualities.
  2. Stay Informed: Keep an eye on the official Indian Army website for any updates or changes to the selection process, dates, or other relevant information.
  3. Seek Guidance: Consider enrolling in SSB interview preparation courses or coaching to improve your chances of success. Many institutions offer specialized training programs designed to help candidates excel in the SSB interview process.

As the selection process for JAG 33 commences, it’s an opportune time for law graduates aiming to serve their country in a distinctive capacity. The blend of legal acumen and military discipline makes the JAG entry scheme a prestigious pathway for those seeking a challenging and fulfilling career.

For more information and updates, visit the official Indian Army website and stay connected with SSBCrackExams, a premium online portal for Indian Defence aspirants, helping them achieve their dreams of joining the Indian Defence forces.

What are Indian Army’s Robotic MULE Dogs

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Indian Army Mule Robotic Dog

In the evolving landscape of military technology, the Indian Army has made a significant leap forward with the introduction of the Multi-Utility Legged Equipment (MULE), a robotic mule dog designed to enhance combat and surveillance missions. This cutting-edge innovation was showcased at the recent North-Tech Symposium 2023 in Jammu, an event that brought together military professionals and defense manufacturers to discuss and display the latest advancements in military hardware.

Design and Capabilities of MULE

The MULE, a four-legged robot, is engineered with a sleek design that integrates advanced technologies such as thermal cameras and radars, essential for reconnaissance and surveillance operations. The robot boasts a payload capacity of 12 kilograms (26.5 pounds), which allows it to be equipped with small arms. These arms can actively engage enemy positions, thereby keeping soldiers at a safer distance during confrontations.

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One of the distinctive features of the MULE is its ability to operate autonomously. It can navigate challenging terrains, including snowy landscapes and rugged mountainous areas, with the ability to climb steps up to 18 centimeters high. For operations, the MULE can be controlled via Wi-Fi for short-range missions or through Long-Term Evolution (LTE) communications for remote operations extending up to 10 kilometers (6.2 miles).

Strategic Applications in Combat Scenarios

The strategic utility of the MULE extends beyond mere surveillance. According to Aryan Singh, an engineer involved in its development, the robot can be crucial in locating enemies within buildings or other facilities. This capability is vital in high-risk scenarios where precise enemy locations are unknown, such as operations involving hidden terrorists. The MULE’s equipped 360-degree cameras and firing platforms enable operators to pinpoint and neutralize threats safely.

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Broader Implications and Innovations

The North-Tech Symposium 2023 was not only a platform for unveiling the MULE but also highlighted other innovative military technologies developed by the Military College Of Electronics And Mechanical Engineering (MCEME). Among the featured technologies was the AI-based Autonomous Multi Weapon Engagement System, capable of engaging and neutralizing aerial and terrestrial targets autonomously or manually.

Defense Minister Rajnath Singh, speaking at the symposium, emphasized the crucial role of research and development (R&D) in national defense and security. He noted that while R&D is inherently risky and sometimes unpredictable, it is fundamental to the technological advancement and strategic capabilities of any nation.

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Conclusion

The development of the MULE and other autonomous systems reflects a significant trend in military technologies, where the integration of robotics and artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly central. As these technologies evolve, they promise not only to enhance the operational capabilities of the armed forces but also to ensure greater safety for soldiers in combat scenarios. The Indian Army’s forward-thinking approach in adopting and developing such technologies underscores its readiness to meet future challenges on and off the battlefield.

Anupam Kher Delivers Inspirational Talk at National Defence Academy

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Veteran Bollywood actor Anupam Kher recently visited the prestigious National Defence Academy (NDA) in Khadakwasla, Pune, where he delivered a motivational lecture to a gathering of over 2,500 cadets.

Anupam Kher, who took to social media to share his experience, expressed immense pride and gratitude for the opportunity to speak at one of the world’s finest military training institutions.

In a video posted on his official Instagram account, Kher lauded the NDA for its exemplary training, facilities, coaching, discipline, and dedication. “It was my honour and my privilege to be invited by the National Defence Academy to deliver a motivational lecture to the cadets,” Kher wrote in a heartfelt caption.

He added, “The training, the facilities, the coaching, the discipline, and the dedication are so exemplary and outstanding! I stayed there for a day and learned so many things about life and living!”

The actor thanked Vice Admiral Ajay Kochhar, Maj. Gen. Sanjeev Dogra, and the entire staff and cadets for their warm hospitality and appreciation. His post concluded with a resonant “JAI HIND!”

On the professional front, Anupam Kher is gearing up for a new role in the animated movie ‘Chhota Bheem And The Curse of Damyaan’. Recently, the filmmakers released a teaser of the movie, which is the first live-action adaptation of the popular animated series. Kher is set to play Guru Shambhu, alongside Makarand Deshpande as Skandhi.

The film, directed and produced by Rajiv Chilaka with Megha Chilaka, also features Yagya Bhasin as Chhota Bheem and Aashriya Mishra as Chutki, with Surabhi Tiwari playing Tuntun Mausi.

‘Chhota Bheem and The Curse of Damyaan’ is slated for theatrical release on May 31, 2024, promising an exciting blend of adventure and mythological storytelling.

Lt Gen Neeraj Varshney Honors Top Officer Cadets at TES 43 Course Award Ceremony

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In a prestigious event at the Cadet Training Wing (CTW) of the Military College of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering (MCEME), meritorious Officer Cadets of the TES-43 Course were celebrated for their exemplary performance.

The ceremony, held in Secunderabad, Telangana, saw Lt Gen Neeraj Varshney, the Commandant, bestowing honors upon the distinguished cadets.

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WCC D Subash achieved remarkable success by ranking 1st in the Order of Merit. Additionally, the Prithviraj Platoon was awarded the prestigious GOC-in-C ARTRAC Banner, recognizing their outstanding collective performance.

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The CTW, a cornerstone of the Indian Army’s training infrastructure, continues to uphold its legacy of excellence by nurturing future leaders in the fields of electronics and mechanical engineering through its Technical Entry Scheme (TES).

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The event not only highlighted the individual achievements of the cadets but also underscored the institution’s ongoing commitment to advancing military education and leadership.